SEXISME et DROITS des FEMMES / SEXISM and WOMEN'S RIGHTS : Bulletin 2003 - 19
Cher-e-s ami-e-s, dear
friends,
Ci-joint quelques
courriers. There is some news.
Merci de prévenir si vous ne souhaitez plus en
recevoir;
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SEXISME et DROITS des FEMMES / SEXISM and WOMEN'S RIGHTS
: Bulletin 2003 - 19
***
1
- France
* Politique familiale : danger (communiqué)
*
Internet et la pédo-pornographie
* Pétition pour
Olympe de Gouges
* Un guide pour les femmes
étrangères
2 - Nigeria : Amina
Laval
3 - USA
* FGM in
Georgia
* "Gender, Violence, and Power: Making the
Connections"
4 - Afghanistan
* "Climate of fear"
* One Book (RAWA)
5 - India : Urgent Appeal Women's reservation bill
!
6 - Europe leads
on women's rights
7 - International
* Violence against
women
* Une vie pour sauver les femmes victimes du crime
d'honneur
* Women and Peace
* A
Message from the Women's Caucus for Gender Justice
* Pas d'impunité pour les crimes de guerre commis par les troupes US
en Irak ! (Pétition)
***
1 - France
* Politique familiale : danger
(communiqué)
Communiqué de presse
du 29/04/03
POLITIQUE
FAMILIALE, DANGER !
Les mesures de politique familiale qu’annonce aujourd’hui le Ministre de la famille sont globalement catastrophiques pour les droits des femmes et l’égalité entre les sexes. Nous dénonçons une incitation à la natalité, et surtout au retour au foyer pour un plus grand nombre de femmes, en particulier les plus précaires.
* La prime à la naissance ? Certes, le Collectif national pour les droits des femmes a toujours demandé que chaque enfant, y compris le premier, donne droit à la même allocation, ainsi que l’augmentation de cette allocation qui devrait suivre l’enfant tant qu’il est dépendant de la famille. Mais nous en sommes loin. Même sous le nom “ prestation d’accueil du jeune enfant ”, ce PAJE est uniquement une “ prime ” à la naissance. Quand on sait que l’âge moyen de la première naissance recule, c’est bien un encouragement à faire un enfant sans attendre. Ce “ cadeau ” ne fait en réalité qu’étendre aux classes moyennes l’allocation pour le jeune enfant (APJE) que seuls percevaient les ménages modestes, dont les revenus n’excédaient pas 1907 ¤ par mois. Le nouveau plafond de revenus serait de 4100 ¤ (27400F par mois !). Cette prime accordée à de larges classes moyennes constitue une fameuse addition … La politique nataliste revient cher, c’est connu.
* Le congé parental dès le premier enfant ? Voici une mesure encore plus claire. En période de croissance du chômage, les gouvernements sont tentés d’inciter les femmes à cesser de travailler. D’abord instituée à partir du 3ème enfant, l’Allocation parentale d’éducation (salaire maternel au rabais pour une durée de 3 ans) ne concernait alors pas grand monde, mais, étendue en 1994 au 2ème enfant, elle a provoqué un accroissement important du nombre de femmes se retirant du marché du travail : 540 000 femmes la prenaient fin 98. À part quelques fonctionnaires, assurées de retrouver un poste, l’APE a surtout tenté les femmes précarisées, aux franges du monde du travail, ayant des temps partiels mal rémunérés. Presque la moitié d’entre elles ne retrouvent pas de travail, ou n’en cherchent plus, après ces 3 ans d’interruption.
Étendre ce “ salaire maternel ” à la première naissance incitera encore moins l’employeur à embaucher une jeune femme. Et la précarité galopante laisse présager un recul de l’emploi des femmes, d’autant plus que l’idéologie de la femme au foyer s’est insidieusement développée ces dernières années. Espérons que les jeunes femmes ne se laisseront pas tenter, car majoritairement elles tiennent à leur travail et la présence d’un seul enfant leur pose moins de problèmes.
Plus généralement, nous pensons que les hommes sont aussi concernés que les femmes en ce qui concerne la prise en charge de leurs enfants, alors que ces mesures sont dirigées principalement vers les mères. La politique familiale doit mettre au rang de ses préoccupations l’égalité en ce qui concerne les responsabilités des deux parents dans la famille et leur place dans l’emploi. Cette mesure n’y contribue pas ! . Le terme de “ parental ” est une tromperie : même pas 1% d’hommes troquent leur salaire plus important que celui des femmes (idéologiquement et numériquement) contre cette maigre allocation.
* L’accueil de la petite enfance ? Simplifier le système des prestations en instituant une seule allocation, c’est de la poudre aux yeux : comme celle-ci sera modulable selon de nombreux critères, la simplification n’est pas évidente !
Par contre, nous approuvons une augmentation de cette prestation pour les assistantes maternelles agréées qui restent trop chères pour les revenus modestes. De même, on peut se féliciter de la promesse d’assurer un meilleur statut à ces travailleuses. Il leur faudrait aussi davantage de formation.
Cependant, alors que l’argent part de tous les côtés, nous pensons que la priorité des priorités demeure la crèche collective qui a été la parente pauvre depuis des décennies. Aujourd’hui la pénurie est grave (seuls 8 % des enfants de moins de 3 ans ont accès à une crèche collective). Le gouvernement promet la création de 20 000 nouvelles places… mais avec une préférence marquée pour les crèches privées ou les crèches d’entreprises, façon commode de se dédouaner. La promesse de 20 000 places est d’ailleurs largement insuffisante, et nous craignons fort qu’elle ne soit pas même honorée, vu les sommes affectées à la garde individuelle , en particulier par la mère, et vu la pénurie de personnel formé.
Le Collectif national pour les droits des femmes rappelle son exigence de création massive de crèches de qualité, de Maisons de la petite enfance réunissant les différents modes de garde, en vue d’instituer progressivement un véritable système d’accueil de la petite enfance, accessible à tous, gratuit comme la maternelle.
From : Collectif National pour les Droits des Femmes <colcadac@club-internet.fr>
*
* Internet et la
pédo-pornographie
*
* Pétition pour Olympe de Gouges
*
* Un guide pour les femmes
étrangères
***
2 - Nigeria : Amina Laval
"The international community has allowed warlords and local military commanders to take control of much of the country," its representative Loubna Freih told the U.N. Human Rights Commission, now ending its annual six-week session in Geneva. She said that instead of providing security, the warlords were terrorising the local population in many parts of the country, with kidnappings, arbitrary arrests, armed robbery, extortion and beatings widespread. Freih said the warlords had in some places maintained law and order "by creating a climate of fear, not unlike under the Taliban..." Political opponents, journalists and ordinary Afghans "are attacked and intimidated into silence," she added.
|
The United Nations Assistance Mission for Afghanistan (UNAMA) and the Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC) has announced that serious human rights violations had taken place in Bala Morghab District in the northwestern province of Badghis. "According to reports, during the recent conflict in Akazayi village, 38 civilians died, while 761 homes and 21 shops were looted," David Singh, a media relations officer for UNAMA, told Integrated Regional Information Network in the Afghan capital, Kabul. | |
|
NNI, April 22, 2003 |
An Afghan regional commander said on Tuesday the Afghan government needed to take courageous action against unruly warlords if it was to extend its rule around the country. He said the government's authority did not extend much beyond the capital, Kabul. Soldiers and police -- who were to have been retrained by U.S. and other troops involved in an international security force also largely limited to the capital -- "regularly abduct and rape women, girls and boys," Freih said.
GIRLS' EDUCATION AT RISK
"Religious fundamentalism is on the rise, with new restrictions on freedom of expression and movement of women and girls. Gains in education are now at risk as many parents, afraid of attacks by troops and other gunmen, keep their daughters out of school," she said.
Under the hardline Islamic Taliban, women and girls were largely restricted to their homes and were only allowed out if fully veiled and in the company of a male relative. Washington sent troops into Afghanistan to try to destroy the Taliban which was accused of harbouring Osama bin Laden's al Qaeda network. The United States blames bin Laden and al Qaeda for the September 11 attacks. The Bush administration hailed education for women as one of the successes of the operation. There are some 11,000 U.S. and allied troops still in Afghanistan, many hunting Taliban leaders and members of al Qaeda. Bin Laden and Taliban chief Mullah Omar are still at large.
The U.N. Human Rights Commission is
considering proposals to replace its current investigator who has a special
mandate to look into the rights situation in Afghanistan with a "special expert"
whose mandate would be much less clearly defined. Sources close to the commission say the
United States has been opposed to any resolution at all on Afghanistan this year
as well as to creation by the U.N. body of an international commission of
inquiry into past rights abuses in the country. In her speech, Freih said creation of such a commission was
"crucial in establishing the rule of law". Without it, efforts to break a "cycle
of impunity and the stranglehold of gunmen are unlikely to succeed," she added.
By Robert Evans, Reuters, April 22,
2003
From : rawa2@rawa.org
5 -
India : Urgent Appeal Women's reservation bill
!
You all know that the Women's reservation bill is
listed for the discussion in the
current session of the Parliament. You may also be aware of the
various points of view expressed in the media
regarding this Bill .Now when
our dream is going to be realized I appeal to you
to send millions of letters to the
Prime Minister of India Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayi requesting him not to give in to the pressure of hand full of MP's
who will be forgotten in History
who are opposing this bill. Also let me make it clear that we are not going to agree to any change in the 33%
reservation of seat. We will not
accept anything less than 33%.
I on behalf of Joint action front for Women want to emphasize that, Gender balance in politics is about women's full, equal and active participation in politics. It is about getting a critical mass or at least 33% of women in positions of power and decision-making so they can change the nature and practice of politics to genuinely respond to society's problems. Gender balance-in politics is an agenda for change; it seeks to transform power relations in society so women can fully exercise their rights as citizens. As citizens, political candidates, and elected officials, women must be able to exercise their right to political participation to transform politics and make a difference in their homes, in their communities and in society. By engaging in transformational politics, they not only increase women's numbers in decision-making but also change dominant political values, processes and institutions to effectively address women's needs and concerns.
Needless to emphasize that, the
right to political participation is a human right - inherent, inalienable and indivisible. As a right, states have
the duty and obligation to fulfill
and implement the right of women to participate in politics equally with men. This and other human rights
of women are guaranteed in Articles
4, 7 and 8 of the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW).
There is sufficiant evidence that only
when there is a critical mass (at least 33%) of women in all their diversity in decision-making that
the "politics of care" is practiced
through policies on childcare, caring for women victims of violence, unpaid labor among others.
The United Nations Five-Year Review and
Appraisal of the Platform for Action shows that countries that have applied quota systems in
decision-making including
governmental bodies, national parliaments and political parties
experienced a significant increase in women's
representation. These include less
developed countries like Bangladesh, Tanzania, Uganda, South
Africa, and Argentina; and
developed countries like Sweden, Denmark, Norway and France.
So Friends act NOW!!!!!!! Send your letter right away!!!!! I know we have only two more days to act so do it. Send this e-mail appeal to all persons you know .
(Prime Minister of India's Contact Information:
Permanent Address: A-302, Laplaz, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh)
Tel. (0522) 220909
Present Address: 7, Race Course
Road, New Delhi-110011
Tel. (011) 3018939, 3011156
Fax. (011) 3019545 / http://pmindia.nic.in/
)
Ranjana Kumari
Coordinator - Joint Action Front For Women : csr@vsnl.com
From : "J.M.
Dimaandal" onlinewomen@mydestiny.net
| A new report by the United Nations Development Fund for Women (Unifem) shows Europe led the way in promoting political gender equality in 2002. Seven Western European states were among 11 nations to reach a 1995 goal of having at least 30% of parliamentary seats taken by women. But Sub-Saharan Africa had greater female representation in parliament than some of the world's leading economic powers, Unifem's latest two-year survey of global women's rights revealed. Despite these gains, however, women still accounted for only about 14% of members of parliament worldwide in 2002.
"There is much more to be done to ensure that women are accepted as equal partners in key decision-making processes," said Noeleen Heyzer, Unifem's executive director, at the launch of the report in New York. "Real progress towards gender equality will be seen when women have more say in the decisions that affect their lives." Parliamentary representation, Unifem said, was still the only indicator of advancement not tied to national wealth. It noted that in a number of Gulf Arab states women had neither the right to sit in parliament nor even to cast a vote. Quotas Unifem's report - Progress of the World's Women 2002 - measured countries against the target set by the 1995 Beijing World Conference on Women for parliamentary representation.
Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Iceland, Netherlands and Germany had all reached the 30% goal by the end of 2002 along with Argentina, Costa Rica, South Africa and Mozambique. The organisation noted that states had met the target through quota systems. It also pointed out that 13 developing countries in the sub-Saharan region - the poorest area on Earth - had higher proportions of women MPs than the US (12%), France (11.8%) and Japan (10%). Of those Gulf states which have parliaments, neither Kuwait nor the United Arab Emirates give women the right to vote or stand for election. Poverty trap "Increasing women's share of seats in parliament is not a panacea," Unifem warns in its report. "It can only level the playing-field on which women battle for equality." On non-political indicators of gender equality, the old rule that the richer a country is, the better conditions for women still largely held in 2002, Unifem found after surveying education for girls, women's literacy and non-farm employment worldwide. The UN organisation cited as a success its role in helping promote women's issues at the 2002 parliamentary election in Kenya. Not only was the number of women MPs increased, but six women cabinet ministers were appointed - the first ever to take office - and a ministry for gender, sport and culture was established, Unifem said. |
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